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A. How does it work?

(Why What)

Childhood

1. The fundamental hormone

A girl’s physical appearance and functioning is determined by two sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. While estrogen endows a girl with characteristic female traits, progesterone enables the production of androgen. Estrogen and androgen levels are genetically predetermined and closely aligned to each other. Both are critical to female growth and development during puberty.

2. Breastfeeding

Breast milk is the healthiest existing sustenance for infants. When it is given in adequacy with a baby’s needs, the milk helps to regulate the gut biota in his early stages of development. A good bacterial balance in turn, will ensure the well-functioning of his organism.

Evolution of the early-life gut microbiota and events influencing its composition. Factors such as the maternal microbiota, delivery mode, gestation time, and type of feeding strongly influence the microbiota. Colonization and expansion of the gut microbiota, shaped by diet, results in the establishment of an adult-like microbiota around 2-3 y of age, with firmicutes and bacteroidetes as the predominant phyla. Early life is a susceptible period when modifications in the gut microbiota composition can have long-term effects on health.

3. Hormonal balance

A nutritive diet supports the development and the optimization of the endocrinal system’s functions, which produce regulatory hormones that are essential to the human organism. Adolescent girls with healthy endocrines usually also possess the right amount of estrogen needed for their physical and reproductive development.

4. Antioxidants

Free radicals are part of most environments which affect all humans, including babies. However, if a well-functioning organism is developed at an early age, an antioxidant defence will be established to minimize the potential harmful consequences of free radicals.

B. In the absence of the elements

listed in A,

the following may occur :

1. Genetic abnormalities caused by anomalies in genes

Deficient genes inherited by females can affect the proper functioning of the endocrine system, as well as the production of sex hormones. Indeed, medical research has found that disorders of sexual development (DSD) are triggered by genetic abnormalities.

2. Estrogen imbalance

The gravity of dysbiosis or microbial imbalances is such that these alone can upset the entire organism. From chronic inflammations, a disturbance in the functioning of the internal organs, hormonal imbalances and excessive estrogen production, the consequences can be severe. Excessive amounts of the estrogen hormone -also known as estrogen dominance- can result in a below-average body size, which is caused by premature bone growth and the interruption of the process before adolescence begins.

3. Endocrine glands malfunctions

Diet also plays an important role in the functioning of the hormonal system, especially the sex hormone. Malnutrition and hyperalimentation can, for instance, result in certain dysfunctions, notably in relation to bone and sexual development in teenage girls.

4. Abnormality in sex hormone production

Long-term chronic inflammation is also responsible for dysfunctions in the hormonal system, which can hinder sex hormone production and sexual development, overall.

C. Towards developing effective solutions

1. Further research

Several medical studies suggest that several fatal illnesses -including breast cancer- are caused by the overlap between recessive genes and the androgen function. Currently, however, further research needs to be conducted to develop potential treatment options in compliance with medical practice.

2. Regulating microorganisms in gastro-intestinal tract

Prebiotics and non-digestible polysaccharides can harmonize and even out gut bacteria to optimize and prevent imbalances in the gut microbiota. This balance is notably crucial to the metabolism and the food absorption process. Prebiotics should not be confused with probiotics, live bacteria of which the properties are beneficial to both the digestive system and gut flora.

3. Sufficiently nutritious dietary intake

Nutrition in childhood and teenagehood is especially important to hormonal production. Nutrients that are vital to sex hormone production include DIM (Diindolylmethane), Calcium D-Glucarate, Magnesium, and Isoflavones, which can be easily found in different members of the pea and bean species.

4. Providing active substances that prevent free radicals

Because of pollution, ultraviolet radiation and the daily usage of synthetic chemicals, the environment is increasingly toxic, and causing an unprecedented amount of harm to human bodies. Hence, developing and sustaining a strong defense system against free radicals is critical. An effective defense can, for example, protect against chronic inflammatory cellular and chromosome damage, which can affect the hormonal system’s proper functioning in children.

Antioxidants

There are in total two different types of antioxidants :

1. Enzymatic antioxidants

Enzymatic antioxidants, on the one hand, transform themselves into enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SODs), catalase, and others that form together the glutathione system.

2. Non Enzymatic antioxidants

Non-enzymatic antioxidants consist of the following: ascorbic acid (i.e., vitamin C), glutathione, melatonin, tocopherols and tocotrienols (i.e., Vitamin E), as well as carotenoids, flavonoids and uric acid.

Consuming foods on a regular basis that are rich in antioxidants will facilitate the elimination of excessive of free radicals that typically harm the DNA and cell structures.

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